Π‘Ρ 10 Π‘Π Π Π€ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° 2019
ΠΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ.
ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ, Π½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°.
ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π² 1917 Π³. Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Β«Π Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΒ». ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ. Π‘Π΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ Π‘Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ , Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π‘Π‘Π‘Π Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ, Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°.
Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ Π±Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ Π½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ Π Π€.
Π Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π Π‘Π€Π‘Π 1926 Π³. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΠΎΡ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³. ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ; ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ , ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½, ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π², ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΆΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ, Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Ρ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ (Π΅Π΅) ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ(-ΠΎΠΉ) ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΎΡ Π£ΠΊΠ°Π· Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π» ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅, Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ.
ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΠΎΡ 10 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1944 Π³., Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ Π Π€. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΠΠ Π Π€ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π» Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π² Π²ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π Π€, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
Π‘Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅, Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π², Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π².
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ) Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΡ Π² Π·Π°Π³Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ (Π΅Π³ΠΎ) Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅) Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, Π½Π°Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ.
Π‘Π Π Π€ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π Π€, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π Π€, Π² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ .
Π ΡΡΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Ρ Π½Π°Ρ, ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ . Π ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ»Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡ. Π Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅ Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ Β«ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°Β». ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΡΠ°ΠΊ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ, ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ.
Π‘Ρ. 10 Π‘Π Π Π€. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
1. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
2. ΠΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
Π‘ΠΌ. Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ >>>
1. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π‘Π Π Π€, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°. Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ, ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°.
ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π·Π³Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π½Π° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ: Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ β ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ· ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ; ΡΠΎΡΠ· Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ; ΡΠΎΡΠ·, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ; ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ β ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ; Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ; ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ, Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ· ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ <1>.
βββββββββββ
<1> ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ / ΠΡΠ². ΡΠ΅Π΄. Π.Π. ΠΡΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π°. 2-Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄. Π., 2000. Π‘. 33.
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏ. 2 ΡΡ. 1 Π‘Π Π Π€ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ , Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏ. 7 ΡΡ. 169 Π‘Π Π Π€, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ , Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π‘Π‘Π‘Π Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ, Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°.
ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏ. 1 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ, Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΈ Π‘ΠΠ Π Π‘Π€Π‘Π ΠΎΡ 18 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 1917 Π³. Β«Π Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ» ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, Π²ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π½ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°.
2. Π ΠΏ. 2 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. ΠΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ β ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Ρ.Π΅. ΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ΄ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ <1>. ΠΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π». 16 ΠΠ Π Π€ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ.
βββββββββββ
<1> ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π·ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π‘Π²Π΅ΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ°Π» 2004 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° // http://www.ekboblsud.ru.
ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΠΠΎΠΠ‘Π Π Π‘Π€Π‘Π 1926 Π³. Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³. Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΠΎΡ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³. Β«ΠΠ± ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΌ, ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Β«ΠΠ°ΡΡ-Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΒ» ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° Β«ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»Π°Π²Π°Β» ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈ Β«ΠΠ΅Π΄Π°Π»Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ²Π°Β» <1> Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ. Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½, ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ , Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³., Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ <2>. Π ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ , ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΎΡ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³., Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ (ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΆΠ° Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ), Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π» ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° (Π£ΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΠΎΡ 10 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1944 Π³. Β«Π ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΆΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²Β» <3>). Π£ΠΊΠ°Π· ΠΎΡ 10 Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ 1944 Π³. Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π» ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ΄ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ± ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π±Π΅Π· Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ.
βββββββββββ
<1> ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π . 1944. N 37.
<2> Π‘ΠΌ.: ΠΠ°Π΄Π·ΠΎΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌ Π² 2005 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ // ΠΡΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π° Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ. 2006. N 2.
<3> ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π . 1944. N 60.
ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏ. 1 ΡΡ. 6 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ (ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌ. ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡ. 11 Π‘Π Π Π€).
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€. ΠΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ (Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ) (ΠΏ. 1 ΡΡ. 4 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ).
ΠΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡ. 157 Π‘Π Π Π€ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ (ΡΡ. 5 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ) (ΡΠΌ. ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡ. 157 Π‘Π Π Π€). Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡ. 158 Π‘Π Π Π€ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡ. 14 Π‘Π Π Π€ (ΡΠΌ. ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡ. ΡΡ. 14, 158 Π‘Π Π Π€).
Π ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ (ΡΡ. 150 ΠΠΎΠΠ‘), ΡΡ. 25 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅, Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 11 Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊcΠ° Π Π€
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ 11 Π‘Π Π Π€. ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ 11 Π‘Π Π Π€:
1. Π ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏ. 1 ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ β Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ.
2. ΠΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. ΠΠ· ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎ-ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ , Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡ, Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΊ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ (Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ) ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ Π‘Π Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°, Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΅Π·Π΄ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Ρ.Π΄.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ:
ΠΠΎ-Π²ΡΠΎΡΡΡ , Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ , ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ² (Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ°, Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½), ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ: ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΡΡΠ° ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈ Π² Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΡ (Π° Ρ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ).
Π ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
3. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° (ΡΠΌ. ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡ. 14), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π° (ΡΠΌ. ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ ΡΡ. 15).
4. Π§ΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π² ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ , ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ? Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ 26 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ (ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½) Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ . Π ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΉ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ β Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. Π ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΈ (ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ ) Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°, Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ ΠΏ. ΠΏ. 6, 7 ΡΡ. 27 ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ (Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅, Π½Π° Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡ, Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Ρ), Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½.
5. ΠΡΠΊΠ°Π· Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π² ΡΡΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ°. Π’ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π· ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ (ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ) ΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ (ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²) Π² Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π‘Π’ 10 Π‘Π Π Π€
1. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
2. ΠΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊ Π‘Ρ. 10 Π‘Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π Π€
1. Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ (Π·Π°Π³Ρ). ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π³Π»Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ.
Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ:
Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡ 15.11.1997 N 143-Π€Π Β«ΠΠ± Π°ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΒ».
2. Π‘ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ Π² Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ β ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ β ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΅ΠΌΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° (Β«ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Β» β ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ), Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ, β Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π°: Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅, Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ· Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½: ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π°.
Π.Π.ΠΠ°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ
3. Π€Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π²Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. Π Ρ ΠΎΡΡ Π² Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β«Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Β» Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ , Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ°Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ β ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ β ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ , ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ , ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ , ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ΄Π΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ.
Π.ΠΡΠ³Π³Π΅Π½Π±ΡΠ»Ρ-ΠΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ³
Π‘ΡΠ΄Π΅Π±Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°.
ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΡΡΠΏΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ 8 ΠΈΡΠ»Ρ 1944 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° β Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ.
Π’ΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ, Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ, Π²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, β ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π° Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. Π ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΡΠ΄Π° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ 3 Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Β«Π ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π‘ΡΠ΄Π΅ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΒ», ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ.
ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π² Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Β«ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Β» ΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½Ρ, ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ Π‘ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ‘ Π Π€ ΠΎΡ 17.05.1995 N 26-Π).
ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ, ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π² ΠΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅. 29 Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π±ΡΡ 1982 Π³. Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Β«Π ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Β» β ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ, ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π² 1979 Π³. Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° (ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ° 1972 Π³.), Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ 1926 Π³., β Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π² Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° (ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅) ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎ Β«Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΒ», Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Β«ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΒ», Π° Π½Π΅, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, Β«ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Β», Β«ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ», Β«Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈΒ» ΠΈ Π΄Ρ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡ. 1 ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° Β«ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ·Π°, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠΈΡΡ, ΡΠΎΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Ρ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ, Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Β». Π’ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ (Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠ°Π·Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ), ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ, Π° Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΡΠΆΡΠΈΠ½Π°. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΠΊΠ²Π°Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°.
Π.Π.Π‘Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°
ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ.
Π Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°Ρ Π² 2002 Π³. ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 34 ΠΌΠ»Π½. (Π² 1989 Π³. β 36 ΠΌΠ»Π½.), ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ 3 ΠΌΠ»Π½. ΠΏΠ°Ρ (10%) ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ (ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2002 Π³.). Π 2010 Π³. ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ 33,2 ΠΌΠ»Π½. 4,4 ΠΌΠ»Π½. (13%) β Π² Π½Π΅Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ (ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΈ ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2010 Π³.).
90000 Marriage Registration | Immigration Department 90001 90002 If both of you are currently living outside Hong Kong and intend to get married in Hong Kong, you should write direct to the Marriage Registration and Records Office at the address below for a copy of Notice of Intended Marriage form and information sheet Β«Information Required for Registration of Marriage Β«for completion. The address is as follows: β 90003 90002 The Marriage Registration and Records Office 90005 3 / F, Low Block 90005 Queensway Government Offices 90005 66 Queensway 90005 Hong Kong 90003 90002 You may also send email to the Immigration Department at the [email protected] requesting for the form and information sheet.90003 90002 The completed notice form with your signature should be authenticated by a Notary Public of the country where you live. 90013 Please note that if you are living in different territories / countries, the form is only required to be authenticated by a Notary Public of the country where one of you lives (i.e. the one who gives the notice). 90014 The authenticated notice, the completed information sheet together with the supporting documents and the bank draft being the payment of HK $ 305 payable to Β«The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionΒ» should be sent by registered airmail or submit through your contact person in Hong Kong or a civil celebrant of marriages to the Marriage Registration and Records Office.If your bank draft is not drawable in Hong Kong currency, you should pay for an additional bank handling commission of HK $ 100 for exchanging of currency. Please do not send in cash. 90003 90002 If you intend to celebrate your marriage at the marriage registry, you may indicate your preference about the date of marriage and registry on the information sheet. A reply will be sent to you to confirm the appointment for marriage ceremony after receipt of the authenticated notice, the prescribed fee, and supporting documents.Please note that the marriage registry has quota limit of marriage appointment. To facilitate the alternative arrangement, you may provide several preferences of marriage appointment and your email address for easy communication. 90003 90002 If your marriage is to take place in a licensed place of worship or to be celebrated by a civil celebrant of marriages, you should consult the officiating minister or civil celebrant of marriages for the exact date, time and place of wedding. Please als 90003.90000 Marriage registration 90001 90002 90003 Β«On the formation of the territorial bodies of the State Migration ServiceΒ» of 06/15/2011 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the sample, technical description of the form and the Procedure for processing, issuing, exchanging, canceling, sending, withdrawing, returning to the state, invalidation and destruction of the temporary residence permitΒ» dated 12.26.2002 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the action plan for the implementation of the State Migration Policy ConceptΒ» dated October 12, 2011 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Concept for the creation of a national system of identification of citizens of Ukraine, foreigners and stateless personsΒ» dated December 23, 2015 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the action plan for 2018-2021 on the implementation of the Strategy of the State Migration Policy of Ukraine for the period up to 2025Β» dated 08.19.2018 90004 90003 Β«On the approval of the sample, technical description of the form and the Procedure for processing, issuing, exchanging, canceling, sending, withdrawing, returning to the state, invalidation and destruction of the permanent residence permitΒ» dated 04.25.2018 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the procedure for the formation of immigration quotas, the procedure for the production of applications for the granting of immigration permits and ideas about its cancellation and the implementation of the adopted decisionsΒ» of 12/26/2002 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the sample, technical description of the form and the Procedure for processing, issuing, exchanging, canceling, sending, withdrawing, returning to the state, invalidating and destroying the temporary residence permitΒ» dated April 25 2017 Β«90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Rules for issuing visas for entry into Ukraine and transit through its territoryΒ» dated March 1 2017 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Regulation on the identity card, which needs additional protectionΒ» dated March 14 Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π·Π½Ρ 2012 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the procedure for extending the period of stay and extending or reducing the period of temporary stay of foreigners and stateless persons on the territory of UkraineΒ» dated 02.15.2012 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Regulation on checkpoints across the state border and checkpointsΒ» dated August 18 2010 90004 90003 Β«The procedure for confirming sufficient financial support for foreigners and stateless persons to enter Ukraine, stay on the territory of Ukraine, transit through the territory of Ukraine and travel outside it and determine the amount of such support approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Β«dated December 4, 2013 No. 884 90004 90003 Β«The procedure for extending the period of stay and extending or reducing the period of temporary stay of foreigners and stateless persons on the territory of Ukraine, approved by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineΒ» dated February 15, 2012 Π½Π° No.150 90004 90003 Β«The order of registration, manufacture and issuance of a permanent residence permit and temporary residence permit, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineΒ» dated March 28, 2012 ΡΠΎΠΊΡ β 251 90004 90003 Β«The procedure for issuing visas is governed by the Rules for issuing visas for entry into Ukraine and transit through its territory, approved by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 567Β» dated 01.06.2011. 90004 90003 Β«Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineΒ» dated March 28, 2012 No.251 Β«On approval of the Procedure for processing, manufacturing and issuing a permanent residence permit and temporary residence permit and technical description of their forms and amending Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineΒ» dated December 26, 2002 No. 1983 90004 90003 Β«Resolution of the Cabinet of MinistersΒ» dated November 17, 2004 No. Π’ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏβΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° Β«On approval of the Procedure for drawing up and issuing a certificate of a foreign UkrainianΒ» 90004 90003 Β«Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineΒ» dated August 10, 2004 No.1024 Β«On the establishment of the National Commission for Foreign UkrainiansΒ» 90004 90041 90002 90003 Β«On approval of the Rules for consideration of applications and execution of documents required to resolve the issue of recognition of a refugee or a person who needs additional protection, loss and deprivation of refugee status and additional protection and cancellation of the decision to recognize a person as a refugee or a person who needs additional protection Β«from 07.09 .2011 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Temporary order of consideration of applications for registration of a permanent residence permit and temporary residence permitΒ» dated July 25, 2013 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Procedure for processing applications from foreigners and stateless persons to extend the period of stay on the territory of UkraineΒ» dated April 25, 2012 90004 90003 Β«On approval of the Instruction on the execution of materials on administrative offenses by the State Migration Service of UkraineΒ» dated 08.28.2013 90004 90041 .90000 Registration of marriage 90001 90002 Rules 90003 90004 If you are getting married by civil ceremony in a Registry Office or other approved place, you should approach the Registrar of Civil Marriages for the district in which you intend to marry for information on how to proceed. If you are getting married by religious or secular ceremony, you should approach the authorities of the body concerned for advice on how to proceed. 90005 90004 Since November 2007, a couple getting married are required to give notification in person of their intention to marry to a Registrar at least 3 months before the intended date of their marriage.A couple in a civil partnership who wish to marry should contact the Registrar who will guide them through the process. The notification can be given to any Registrar. 90005 90004 If there is no impediment to your marriage, the Registrar will issue you with a Marriage Registration Form (MRF) which gives you permission to marry. Read more about notification requirements here. 90005 90004 You should give the MRF to whomever will be solemnising your marriage before the marriage ceremony. Immediately after the marriage ceremony the MRF should be signed by you and your spouse, the two witnesses and the person solemnising the marriage.90005 90012 Registration 90013 90004 If you get married by civil ceremony, the Registrar who solemnised the marriage will register the marriage with the information on the MRF as soon as possible after the ceremony. If you get married by religious or secular ceremony, you should give the MRF within one month to a Registrar, for the marriage to be registered. It does not have to be returned to the Registrar who issued it. 90005 90004 Under Section 50 of the Civil Registration Act 2004, if the completed MRF is not returned to a Registrar within 56 days of the intended date of marriage recorded on the MRF, the Registrar can serve a notice on you requiring you to return the MRF within 14 days of receiving the notice.If you do not comply with this requirement, the Registrar can serve a notice on you requiring you to attend on a particular date at the office of the Registrar (or other place given in the notice) with the completed MRF. If you are unable to give the MRF to the Registrar when you meet, you have a further 14 days to give it. 90005 90004 You can not get your marriage certificate until the marriage is registered. 90005 90012 Registration of marriages outside Ireland 90013 90004 Marriages of Irish citizens abroad are normally registered in the country where they occur.The General Register Office (central civil repository for records relating to births, deaths and marriages in Ireland) has no function in the registration of marriages of Irish citizen (s) that take place abroad, or in advising on such marriages. Marriages that take place outside the State are not registered in Ireland. 90005 90004 Your foreign marriage certificate will usually be accepted for official purposes in Ireland where you need to show evidence that you are married. If the certificate is in a foreign language, you must provide an official translation or a translation from a recognised translation agency.90005 90002 Rates 90003 90004 There is no fee charged for the registration of a marriage, or for the correction of errors on a marriage certificate. Fees are charged for copies of certificates. 90005 90004 A certificate is issued for social welfare purposes at a reduced cost. Evidence it is for social welfare purposes is required, such as a letter from the Department of Social Protection. 90005 90004 The fees charged for a certificate are as follows: 90005 90034 90035 β¬ 20 for a full standard certificate 90036 90035 β¬ 1 for a copy for social welfare purposes (letter from Department of Social Protection required) 90036 90035 β¬ 4 for an uncertified copy of an entry in the Register 90036 90035 β¬ 10 to have a certificate authenticated (only available from the General Register Office) 90036 90043 .90000 Marriage Registration: Procedure, Documents & Timelines 90001 90002 90003 The Supreme Court of India, in 2006, made it mandatory to register all marriages. In India, a marriage can either be registered under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 or under the Special Marriage Act, 1954. The Hindu Marriage Act applies to Hindus, whereas the Special Marriage Act applies to all citizens of India irrespective of their religion. The Hindu Marriage Act provides for registration of an already solemnized marriage and does not provide for solemnization of a marriage by a Marriage Registrar.However, the Special Marriage Act provides for solemnization of a marriage as well as registration by a Marriage Officer. To be eligible for marriage in India, the minimum age is 21 years for males and 18 years for females. The register marriage process is applicable only for the above-mentioned age for men and women. The register marriage procedure for lovers also remains the same, which we will see in the following blog. Also, we will look into the documents required for marriage certificate and lots more.90004 90005 Registration under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 90006 90003 The Hindu Marriage Act is applicable in cases where both husband and wife are Hindus, Buddhists, Jains or Sikhs, or where they have converted into any of these religions. The first step in this marriage registration process is to apply to the sub-registrar under whose jurisdiction the marriage has been solemnized, or either party to the marriage has been residing. 90004 90003 Both partners will need to fill in the Application Form, sign it and submit it along with two photographs of the marriage ceremonies, invitation card of marriage, age and address proof of both parties, affidavit of Notary / Executive Magistrate to prove that the couple is married under Hindu Marriage Act 1955, fit mental condition and proof of non-relationship between the parties within the degree of prohibition.90004 90003 90012 90013 90004 90003 All the documents should be attested by a Gazetted Officer and the parties will have to deposit a fee with the cashier at the sub-registrar and attach the receipt with the Application Form. Once the application has been submitted and the documents verified, the concerned officer will assign a date of registration when the marriage certificate document will be issued. 90004 90003 Under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, certain conditions have to be fulfilled to consider the marriage between the parties legal and valid.These conditions have been specified under Sec. 5 and sec. 7 of the Act. Under section 5 of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955, a marriage is considered valid only if both the parties to the marriage are Hindus. If either of the party to the marriage is a Muslim or a Christian, then the marriage will not be a valid Hindu marriage. 90004 90019 A marriage can be solemnized between any two Hindus if the following conditions are fulfilled, namely: 90020 90021 90022 If neither party has a spouse living at the time of the marriage, 90023 90022 If neither party is incapable of giving a valid consent to it in the consequence of unsoundness of mind, 90023 90022 Though capable of giving valid consent, neither of them has been suffering from any mental disorder or to such an extent as to be unfit for marriage and the procreation of children, 90023 90022 If neither of them has been subject to recurrent attacks of insanity or epilepsy.90023 90022 The bride has completed the age of 18 years and the bridegroom the age of 21 years at the time of marriage, 90023 90022 The parties are not within the degrees of prohibited relationship unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two, 90023 90022 The parties are not a lineal ascendant of the other (Sapindus) unless the custom or usage governing each of them permits of a marriage between the two. 90023 90036 90005 Degree of prohibited relationship: 90006 90003 Two individuals are said to be covered under the degrees of prohibited relationship β 90004 90021 90022 If one of them is the lineal ascendant of the other, 90023 90022 One was the husband or wife of lineal ascendant or descendant of the other, 90023 90022 If one of them was the wife of the brother or the fatherβs or motherβs brother or the grandfatherβs or grandmotherβs brother of the other, 90023 90022 Or if they are brother and sister, aunt and nephew, uncle and niece, or children of brother and sister or of two brothers or two sisters.90023 90036 90003 A marriage falling within the above categories will be considered void. 90004 90003 90054 Exception: 90055 The customs play an important role here i.e. If there is a custom governing the parties, they may marry even if they fall under the degrees of prohibited relationship. 90004 90003 90054 Punishment: 90055 A marriage which is solemnized between the parties within the degrees of prohibited relationship is considered null and void. 90004 90003 The parties of such a marriage are liable to be punished with simple imprisonment for one month or a fine of Rs.10000 / β or with both. 90004 90005 Solemnization in Hindu Marriage 90006 90003 The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with ceremonies to be followed in registration of Hindu marriage, by the virtue of Sec. 7. The provision states that a Hindu marriage can be solemnized following customary rites and ceremonies of either of the parties. 90004 90019 90054 A Hindu marriage can be solemnized under the customary rites and ceremonies of either party. 90055 90020 90003 Where the rites and ceremonies include the saptpadi (the taking seven steps by the bride and the groom jointly around the sacred fire), the marriage becomes complete and binding when the seventh step is taken.90004 90003 These ceremonies may vary according to the customs and traditions followed by the parties. 90004 90003 Online Marriage Registration 90004 90005 Special Marriage Act, 1954 90006 90003 The Special Marriage Act applies to all citizens of India. Any person, irrespective of religion can solemnize and register their marriage under the Special Marriage Act, 1954. The persons intending to register marriage under this Act have to give notice thereof in writing in specified forms to the concerned marriage officer, in whose jurisdiction at least one of the parties to the marriage has resided for not less than 30 days immediately preceding the date on which notice is given.90004 90003 A copy of the notice is affixed on the notice board of the registration office and a copy of the notice is sent to the marriage officer of the area where either of the parties having present / permanent addresses for similar publication. After the expiration of one month from the date of publication of the notice, if no objections are received the marriage may be solemnized. In case of objection, the marriage officer conducts an inquiry and the marriage is solemnized after the inquiry concludes.90004 90003 On the day of solemnization, three witnesses are required plus basic identification documents required for marriage certificate which include proof of age and address of both parties, affidavit concerning these as well marital status, fit mental condition, non-relationship between the parties within the degree of prohibition, passport size photographs and with three witnesses to finally solemnize the marriage. After that, the couple may apply to have their marriage registered and get an official marriage certificate document from the registrar.90004 90003 The Special Marriage Act deals with both registrations and solemnization of marriage. Under this Act, certain conditions have been laid down under Sec. 4, which are considerably similar to those laid down under Sec. 5 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1954. 90004 90003 According to this act, no religious ceremonies are a prerequisite for a marriage to be complete. 90004 90019 This Act lays down the following conditions for a marriage to be regarded as a lawful one, having legal standing, by the virtue of Sec.4: 90020 90021 90022 Neither of the party should have a spouse living at the time of the marriage 90023 90022 The physical and mental capacity of both the parties must be as per the section requires. 90023 90022 The age of the parties i.e. the female has completed the age of eighteen and the male has completed the age of twenty-one. 90023 90022 The parties are not within the degree of prohibited relationship provided that custom governing one of the parties permits such a marriage between them.90023 90036 90003 A marriage in violation of any of the above conditions will stand null and void under the Special Marriage Act, 1954. For the Hindus, Jains, Buddhists, and Sikhs marrying within these four communities, the Special Marriage Act ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π΄Π΅Π²βΡΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏβΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡ-ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ is an alternative to the Hindu Marriage Act 1955. 90004 90005 Marriage Registration Online 90006 90003 You can register marriage certificate online, but not in all Indian states. It is unavailable even in larger cities such as Mumbai and Bengaluru but is currently possible in Delhi.A resident of Delhi who wishes to avail of Online Registration of Marriage Certificate option may visit the website: http://edistrict.delhigovt.nic.in/ and comply with the following register marriage procedure: 90004 90003 1. Select the relevant district 90108 2. Fill in the details of the husband 90108 3. Select the βRegistration of Marriage Certificateβ option 90108 4. Fill in the necessary details required in the Marriage Certificate document 90108 5. Select the desired date of appointment 90108 6.Select the βSubmit Applicationβ option 90004 90003 An acknowledgement page will then appear with all the relevant details of your appointment and instructions to be followed. A temporary number will be allotted that will be found printed on the acknowledgement slip. The applicant must print and preserve a copy of the Application form and acknowledgement slip. 90004 90003 Applicants are also required to take a witness along with them to the Sub-registrar for marriage registration. A person who has attended the marriage of the parties can be a witness, provided the said person possesses a PAN Card and proof of residence.90004 90005 Purpose of Marriage Certificate 90006 90003 A Marriage Certificate is an official statement establishing the marital status of a couple. It is an important document, which one can rely upon to prove that they are legally married to someone, and for various other purposes like obtaining a passport, opening a bank account, changing oneβs maiden name, and applying for an income certificate, among other things. A marriage certificate is essentially the legal proof of registration of a marriage.90004 90003 Your Special Day is Just a Click Away 90004 90003 In India, a marriage can either be registered under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 or under the Special Marriage Act, 1954. The Hindu Marriage Act applies to Hindus, whereas the Special Marriage Act applies to all citizens of India irrespective of their religion. The Hindu Marriage Act provides for registration of an already solemnized marriage and does not provide for solemnization of a marriage by a Marriage Registrar. However, the Special Marriage Act provides for solemnization of a marriage as well as registration by a Marriage Officer.To be eligible for marriage in India, the minimum age is 21 years for males and 18 years for females. 90004 90005 FAQs 90006 90003 It is important to understand the register marriage procedure to be followed to get a marriage registered as per law. 90004 90019 90131 Q. Who does one approach for marriage registration? 90132 90020 90003 For the registration of a marriage, one has to approach the office of the Sub Divisional Magistrate under whose jurisdiction the marriage has taken place or where either of the spouses stayed for at least six months before the marriage.90004 90005 What all Documents required for the marriage registration? 90006 90003 90139 90004 90141 According to the official website of the Delhi Government, the following documents are required to be submitted after being attested by a Gazetted Officer, for obtaining the registration of marriage as per Hindu culture: 90142 90021 90022 An application form or a Memorandum of marriage duly signed by the husband and wife. 90023 90022 Documentary evidence for proof of date of birth of both the parties.This age, under both the Hindu Marriage Act and the Special Marriage Act, is 21 years for males and 18 years for the female. This document may be in the form of a matriculation certificate / passport / birth certificate. 90023 90022 The residence proof of the husband and wife (Ration Card, Aadhar Card, Election Voter Id, PAN Card, or bills like Electricity Bill, etc.) 90023 90022 Two passport size photographs of both the parties and one marriage photograph. 90023 90022 Marriage invitation card.90023 90022 If the marriage was performed at a religious place, a certificate from the priest is needed to solemnize the marriage. 90023 90022 In case of marriage under the Hindu Marriage Act Rs. 100, and in case of marriage Special Marriage Act, Rs. 150, is needed to be submitted to the cashier of the district and the receipt is to be attached along with the application form. 90023 90022 90159 90160 The parties are required to give an affirmation that they are not related and that they do not fall within the degree of prohibited relationship, as laid down under the Hindu Marriage Act 1955 and the Special Marriage Act, 1955.90023 90022 An attested copy of the divorce decree / order in case of a divorcee and the death certificate of the spouse in case of a widow / widower. 90023 90022 90159 90160 If one of the parties belongs to other than Hindu, Jain, Buddhist and Sikh religions, a conversion certificate from the priest who solemnized the marriage (in case of Hindu Marriage Act) will be required. 90023 90022 An affidavit by both the parties stating the place and the date of marriage, date of birth, marital status at the time of marriage and nationality.90023 90036 90019 90131 Q. How does the registration of marriage take place in case of a Court Marriage? 90132 90020 90021 90022 An Affidavit has to be attested by the Magistrate / S.D.M. or Notary Public with Register Entry No. 90023 90022 An application form in the prescribed format. 90023 90022 Proof of age like Voters ID Card, Driving License or Matriculation Certificate. 90023 90022 Residence Proof like Voter ID Card, Driving License, Matriculation Certificate, or Passport. 90023 90022 7 Passport size photographs of the groom and the bride.90023 90022 The PAN Cards and the Residential Proofs of the three witnesses. 90023 90022 If one of the bride or groom is (are) a divorcee then a Certified copy of Decree of Divorce granted by the Court or 90023 90022 A death certificate is needed, in case of the death of either of the parties βlast spouse. 90023 90022 In case one of the partners is a foreigner then, a No Impediment Certificate / NOC from the concerned Embassy and Valid VISA required. 90023 90036 90019 90131 Q. What is the criteria for Marriage Registration? 90132 90020 90003 90200 90131 1.Hindu Marriage Act 90132 90004 90003 After due verification of all the documents that have been submitted by the parties, for the concluding process, a day is fixed for the registration which is communicated to the parties. Both the parties are required to be present on the said day before the Sub-Divisional Magistrate, along with the Gazetted Officer who attended their marriage, 90004 90003 After all, the marriage registration process is done, and the SDM is satisfied with the proceedings, the certificate is granted on the same day.90004 90003 90131 2. Special Marriage Act 90132 90004 90003 For commencing the marriage registration process of marriage registration under this Act, and even before submitting the above-mentioned documents, both parties have to give a 30-day notice to the sub-registrar in whose jurisdiction at least one spouse has resided. 90004 90003 Both parties are required to be present after the submission of the documents for the issuance of public notice inviting objections. One copy of the notice is posted on the notice board of the office and another copy of the notice is sent via registered post to both the parties as per the address was given by them.90004 90003 The registration is done 30 days after the date of the notice, after deciding any objection that may have been received during the said period by the SDM. Both the parties along with three witnesses are required to be present on the date of registration. 90004 90019 90131 Q. What is the register marriage procedure between an Indian and a foreigner? 90132 90020 90003 There are no laws in India that prohibit an Indian from marrying a foreigner in India. 90004 90003 Undoubtedly, both must be legal of a sound mind and competent enough to marry.The Special Marriage Act, 1954 is applicable where an Indian and a foreigner intend to marry in India. But on the other hand, when an Indian intends to marry in any other country, the Foreign Marriage Act, 1969 is applicable. 90004 90003 Therefore, it can be inferred that a marriage between an Indian and a foreigner is a civil marriage. In such a scenario, first of all, a No Impediment Certificate / NOC from concerned the Embassy and valid VISA is required. All other documents and the procedures to comply with are the same as any other civil marriage performed under the Special Marriage Act, 1954.90004 90019 90054 Q. What is the register marriage procedure of Christian Marriages in India? 90055 90020 90003 Although the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and the Special Marriage Act, 1954 are the two main legislation governing the process of solemnization and registration of marriage in India, there is certain other legislation enacted to oversee the process of marriage solemnization and marriage registration between certain minority religions that are present in India. 90004 90003 For instance, the 90054 Christians and the Parsi community 90055 β 90004 90003 These minority religions are not covered under either of the two primary legislation but are given equal treatment and hence it was very essential for the Indian legislature to frame laws in this regard.90004 90003 All Christian marriages in India are governed by the Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872, which provides for the solemnization of marriage either by a minister or by a priest of the church. 90004 90005 The Indian Christian Marriage Act 1872 90006 90003 The Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872, says that all Christian marriages will be solemnized under its provisions. In addition to that, by the virtue of Sec. 4, it states that, apart from Christian-Christian marriages, the marriage of a Christian with a non-Christian can also be solemnized under this Act.90004 90003 The over-all conditions are the same as for the other marriages, i.e. the marriage should take place with the free consent of both the parties, bride and bridegroom should be of 18 and 21 years respectively, and neither party can have a spouse living. 90004 90003 Apart from this, the following procedure is to be followed if marriage is performed under this Act: 90004 90021 90022 90019 90054 Notice of intended marriage 90055 90020 90023 90036 90003 If both, bride and groom, reside in the same area, either party will have to notify the Minister of Religion of their intention to marry by the way of a notice.If both the parties reside in different areas, each party has to make a separate notice in writing to the Marriage Registrar located within their areas of residence. 90004 90003 The notice has certain important details like- 90004 90021 90022 If any of the party is minor: The father, if living, of the minor, or, if the father is dead, the guardian of the minor, and, in case there is no such guardian, then the mother of the minor, may give consent to the minorβs marriage, and such consent is hereby required for the same marriage, unless no person authorized to give such consent be resident in India.90023 90022 The Minister then issues a certificate in fulfilment of the notice to solemnize the marriage. 90023 90022 Persons authorized to solemnize: According to Sec. 5 of the Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872, the following people are competent to solemnize a marriage. Marriages solemnized by anyone other than these individuals will stand void- 90023 90036 90270 90022 A Clergyman of the Church of Scotland, as long as that such marriage be solemnized according to the register marriage rules, rites, customs, and ceremonies of the Church of Scotland, 90023 90022 A Minister of Religion licensed under this Act to solemnize marriages, 90023 90022 In the presence of, a Marriage Registrar appointed under this Act or by him.90023 90022 An individual licensed under this Act to grant certificates of marriage between Indian Christians. 90023 90279 90005 Performance of marriage 90006 90003 A Christian Marriage is performed between parties to the marriage according to the rituals that are regarded as proper and essential as per a Minister or Priest performing the marriage. The marriage rituals require the presence of two witnesses apart from the minister or the priest performing the marriage. 90004 90003 If a marriage does not get performed within two months after the issuance of the certificate of notice, such a marriage can not be performed after the lapse of the two months, and then a fresh certificate of notice has to be applied for to solemnize the marriage.90004 90005 Marriage Registration 90006 90021 90022 The Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872, under Part IV deals with the marriage registration performed under this Act. The parties are required to make an application for the marriage registration to the concerned authority in whose Jurisdiction either of the party has been residing. The Marriage Register is where the Registrar, who is present and performs the marriage of the couple, registers the marriage. 90023 90022 An acknowledgement slip of the registration is signed by both the parties to the marriage along with their witnesses and this is attached to the register as proof that the marriage was registered.These acknowledgement slips are sent out at the end of the month to the Registrar General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages. 90023 90022 Indian Christian marriages may also be endorsed under a special provision without prior notice. 90023 90036 90296 Documents Required: 90297 90270 90022 The complete Application Form 90023 90022 Passport Size Photographs 90023 90022 The Marriage Certificate document issued by the Minister of Priest who performed the marriage 90023 90022 Proof of Residence and Age of the Parties 90023 90022 An Affidavit certifying the mental and marital status of both parties.90023 90279 90019 90131 Q. What is the procedure of a Parsi marriage in India? 90132 90020 90003 A Marriage under the Parsi Marriage Act can be registered in the Office of the District Registrar under whose jurisdiction the marriage takes place. The Act considers the marriage unlawful under certain conditions laid down in Sec. 4, that says- 90004 90003 Β«No Parsi (whether such a Parsi has changed his or her religion or domicile or not) will contract any marriage under this Act or any other law in the lifetime of his or her wife or husband, whether a Parsi or not, except after his or her lawful divorce from such wife or husband or after his or her marriage with such wife or husband has lawfully been declared null and void or dissolved, and, if the marriage was contracted with such wife or husband under the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act , 1865 or under this Act, except after a divorce, declaration or dissolution as aforesaid under either of the said Acts Β«.90004 90003 Any marriage performed in contradiction of this provision stands void. 90004 90019 90054 According to this Act: 90055 90020 90270 90022 A Parsi priest solemnizes the marriage. 90023 90022 The signatures of both the bride and the bridegroom are required along with signatures of three witnesses to issue a certificate of marriage. 90023 90022 The certificate needs to be sent to the Marriage Officer for registration along with the prescribed fee. 90023 90022 The parties must not fall under the βDegree of prohibited relationshipβ laid down by Sec.53. 90023 90279 90003 90159 90160 Some Special Laws 90004 90019 90054 Q. What are the Rights of the Second Wife, if sheβs Alive? 90055 90020 90003 The marriage registration laws in India have witnessed certain recent developments. 90004 90003 Several issues have also developed in the application of laws regarding the Rights of Second Wife under a Hindu marriage. In the absence of a legal position of the bigamy relationship under the Hindu law or any guidelines in this regard, the situation becomes very depressing and stressful for the women.90004 90003 When both the women feel cheated by the husband: β 90004 90003 In a scenario like this, it is very important to know that the second marriage is illegal under Hindu law if the first spouse is living. But, it must also be seen that such a relationship that reflects the image of the second wife as a victim who was not aware of her husbandβs actions and thus she should not be made to suffer. 90004 90019 90131 Q. W 90132 90054 hat if the marriage is solemnized in the J & K? 90055 90020 90003 If the marriage is solemnized in the state of Jammu & Kashmir [J & k], the parties to the marriage are considered to be the Indian citizens-domiciled in the territories to which the Special Marriage Act extends.90004 90003 The marriage officer is duty-bound to display the notice of the intended marriage, by affixing a copy to some conspicuous place in his office. 90004 90019 90054 Q. What happens if the authorities refuse to solemnize the marriage? 90055 90020 90003 In case the marriage officer refuses to solemnize the proposed marriage between the two parties, then within thirty days of the proposed marriage, either party can appeal to the District Court β inside the local limits of whose jurisdiction the marriage officer has his office.90004 90003 The decision of the District Court, regarding the solemnization of the proposed marriage, will be final and binding. 90004 90019 90054 Q. What if two adults wish to marry in a temple? 90055 90020 90003 In a scenario like this, the marriage should be solemnized according to the rituals, customs, and practices under the Hindu culture. To prove such a marriage valid or legal in the eyes of law, there has to be a certificate, which is issued by the marriage registration office after going through the pictures and the statements of the witness present at the time of the marriage, other than the priest.90004 90019 90131 Q. What is the procedure for an 90132 90054 Arya Samaj Marriage? 90055 90020 90003 If the parties are Hindus (or they have converted to Hinduism), they can also opt for a marriage in the Arya Samaj Mandir. 90004 90003 This marriage is solemnized by the Arya Samaj Mandir following the Hindu customs and rituals and religious practices, after inspection of the required documents affirming the age and the consent of the parties. 90004 90003 Even if the marriage is solemnized by the Arya Samaj Mandir authorities, the parties still have to get the marriage registered by the Registrar.The registrar will go through the marriage registration process of checking the photographs, documents and the witnesses of the marriage before issuing the certificate. 90004 90019 90054 Q. What is the procedure for a Sikh marriage? 90055 90020 90003 In 2012 the Indian Parliament passed a law, allowing Sikhs to register their marriage under the Anand Marriage (Amendment) Act, 2012 [35]. The Anand Marriage Act was passed in 1909. There was no provision for the registration of marriages which were registered under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.Generally, Gurudwara is chosen for marriage. 90004 90003 A Gurudwara which is recognized has strict rules. Wherein the duly notarized affidavits of both the parties who should be Sikh by religion are taken before the marriage. There is even a demand that parents of both sides should be present for a proper Sikh Marriage ceremony. It is also known as Anand Karaj. There are also terms and conditions as per register marriage rules to be followed. 90004 #SnapABug_Button {90394 display: none! Important; 90394} 90394]]> .